^ "article"

^ array:13 [
  "alt" => ""
  "array" => array:7 [
    0 => "https:"
    1 => "www.hesge.ch"
    2 => "head"
    3 => "issue"
    4 => "en"
    5 => "publications"
    6 => "arabic-letter-forms-motion-francois-harik"
  ]
  "current" => "en"
  "display_alt" => "fr"
  "item" => Drupal\node\Entity\Node {#1822
    #entityTypeId: "node"
    #enforceIsNew: &2 null
    #typedData: Drupal\Core\Entity\Plugin\DataType\EntityAdapter {#1896
      #definition: Drupal\Core\Entity\TypedData\EntityDataDefinition {#1904
        #definition: array:1 [
          "constraints" => array:2 [
            "EntityType" => "node"
            "Bundle" => array:1 [ …1]
          ]
        ]
        #typedDataManager: null
        #propertyDefinitions: array:45 [
          "nid" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1919
            #definition: array:6 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1920 …5}
              "read-only" => true
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "nid"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: Drupal\Core\TypedData\TypedDataManager {#807
              #discovery: null
              #factory: null
              #mapper: null
              #cacheKey: "typed_data_types_plugins"
              #cacheTags: []
              #alterHook: "data_type_info"
              #subdir: "Plugin/DataType"
              #moduleHandler: Drupal\Core\Extension\ModuleHandler {#30 …12}
              #defaults: []
              #pluginDefinitionAnnotationName: "Drupal\Core\TypedData\Annotation\DataType"
              #pluginInterface: null
              #namespaces: ArrayObject {#305 …5}
              #additionalAnnotationNamespaces: []
              #definitions: array:274 [ …274]
              #cacheBackend: Drupal\Core\Cache\DatabaseBackend {#296 …5}
              #useCaches: true
              #validator: null
              #constraintManager: Drupal\Core\Validation\ConstraintManager {#303 …17}
              #prototypes: array:135 [ …135]
              #classResolver: Drupal\Core\DependencyInjection\ClassResolver {#62 …4}
              #_serviceIds: []
              #_entityStorages: []
              +"_serviceId": "typed_data_manager"
            }
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1921
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1919}
            }
            #type: "integer"
            #propertyDefinitions: array:1 [
              "value" => Drupal\Core\TypedData\DataDefinition {#6084 …2}
            ]
            #schema: array:4 [
              "columns" => array:1 [ …1]
              "unique keys" => []
              "indexes" => []
              "foreign keys" => []
            ]
            #indexes: []
          }
          "uuid" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1922
            #definition: array:6 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1923 …5}
              "read-only" => true
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "uuid"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1924
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1922}
            }
            #type: "uuid"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "vid" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1925
            #definition: array:6 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1926 …5}
              "read-only" => true
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "vid"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1927
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1925}
            }
            #type: "integer"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "langcode" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1928
            #definition: array:8 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1929 …5}
              "display" => array:2 [ …2]
              "revisionable" => true
              "translatable" => true
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "langcode"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1930
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1928}
            }
            #type: "language"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "type" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1931
            #definition: array:7 [
              "label" => "Type de contenu"
              "required" => true
              "read-only" => true
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "type"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1932
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1931}
            }
            #type: "entity_reference"
            #propertyDefinitions: array:2 [
              "target_id" => Drupal\Core\TypedData\DataReferenceTargetDefinition {#3386 …2}
              "entity" => Drupal\Core\TypedData\DataReferenceDefinition {#5238 …3}
            ]
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "revision_timestamp" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1933
            #definition: array:7 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1934 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1935 …5}
              "revisionable" => true
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "revision_timestamp"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1936
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1933}
            }
            #type: "created"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "revision_uid" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1937
            #definition: array:7 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1938 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1939 …5}
              "revisionable" => true
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "revision_uid"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1940
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1937}
            }
            #type: "entity_reference"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "revision_log" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1941
            #definition: array:9 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1942 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1943 …5}
              "revisionable" => true
              "default_value" => array:1 [ …1]
              "display" => array:1 [ …1]
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "revision_log"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1944
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1941}
            }
            #type: "string_long"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "status" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1945
            #definition: array:9 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1946 …5}
              "revisionable" => true
              "translatable" => true
              "default_value" => array:1 [ …1]
              "display" => array:1 [ …1]
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "status"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1947
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1945}
            }
            #type: "boolean"
            #propertyDefinitions: array:1 [
              "value" => Drupal\Core\TypedData\DataDefinition {#2963 …2}
            ]
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "uid" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1950
            #definition: array:10 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1951 …5}
              "translatable" => true
              "default_value_callback" => "Drupal\node\Entity\Node::getDefaultEntityOwner"
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1952 …5}
              "revisionable" => true
              "display" => array:2 [ …2]
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "uid"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1953
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1950}
            }
            #type: "entity_reference"
            #propertyDefinitions: array:2 [
              "target_id" => Drupal\Core\TypedData\DataReferenceTargetDefinition {#2682 …2}
              "entity" => Drupal\Core\TypedData\DataReferenceDefinition {#2684 …3}
            ]
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "title" => Drupal\Core\Field\Entity\BaseFieldOverride {#2014
            #entityTypeId: "base_field_override"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
            #cacheContexts: array:1 [
              0 => "languages:language_interface"
            ]
            #cacheTags: []
            #cacheMaxAge: -1
            #_serviceIds: []
            #_entityStorages: []
            #originalId: "node.post.title"
            #status: true
            #uuid: "621795ea-d9f7-40d6-8cdb-96be2cf95e79"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: []
            #_core: []
            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:1 [
              "config" => array:1 [ …1]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.title"
            #field_name: "title"
            #field_type: "string"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Titre admin"
            #description: ""
            #settings: []
            #required: true
            #translatable: true
            #default_value: []
            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2693
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: Drupal\Core\TypedData\TypedDataManager {#807}
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\Entity\BaseFieldOverride {#2014}
            }
            #constraints: []
            #propertyConstraints: []
            #baseFieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1954
              #definition: array:9 [ …9]
              #typedDataManager: Drupal\Core\TypedData\TypedDataManager {#807}
              #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1956 …3}
              #type: "string"
              #propertyDefinitions: array:1 [ …1]
              #schema: array:4 [ …4]
              #indexes: []
            }
          }
          "created" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1957
            #definition: array:9 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1958 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1959 …5}
              "revisionable" => true
              "translatable" => true
              "display" => array:2 [ …2]
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "created"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1960
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1957}
            }
            #type: "created"
            #propertyDefinitions: array:1 [
              "value" => Drupal\Core\TypedData\DataDefinition {#2701 …2}
            ]
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "changed" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1961
            #definition: array:8 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1962 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1963 …5}
              "revisionable" => true
              "translatable" => true
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "changed"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1964
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1961}
            }
            #type: "changed"
            #propertyDefinitions: array:1 [
              "value" => Drupal\Core\TypedData\DataDefinition {#3467 …2}
            ]
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "promote" => Drupal\Core\Field\Entity\BaseFieldOverride {#2015
            #entityTypeId: "base_field_override"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
            #cacheContexts: array:1 [
              0 => "languages:language_interface"
            ]
            #cacheTags: []
            #cacheMaxAge: -1
            #_serviceIds: []
            #_entityStorages: []
            #originalId: "node.post.promote"
            #status: true
            #uuid: "821ef834-6f9c-4364-919a-d3dbdb2d0c70"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: []
            #_core: []
            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:1 [
              "config" => array:1 [ …1]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.promote"
            #field_name: "promote"
            #field_type: "boolean"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Promu en page d'accueil"
            #description: ""
            #settings: array:2 [
              "on_label" => "Activé"
              "off_label" => "Désactivé"
            ]
            #required: false
            #translatable: true
            #default_value: array:1 [
              0 => array:1 [ …1]
            ]
            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: null
            #itemDefinition: null
            #constraints: []
            #propertyConstraints: []
            #baseFieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1965
              #definition: array:9 [ …9]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1967 …3}
              #type: "boolean"
              #propertyDefinitions: null
              #schema: null
              #indexes: []
            }
          }
          "sticky" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1970
            #definition: array:9 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1971 …5}
              "revisionable" => true
              "translatable" => true
              "default_value" => array:1 [ …1]
              "display" => array:1 [ …1]
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "sticky"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1972
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1970}
            }
            #type: "boolean"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "default_langcode" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1975
            #definition: array:9 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1976 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1977 …5}
              "translatable" => true
              "revisionable" => true
              "default_value" => array:1 [ …1]
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "default_langcode"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1978
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1975}
            }
            #type: "boolean"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "revision_default" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1981
            #definition: array:10 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1982 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1983 …5}
              "storage_required" => true
              "internal" => true
              "translatable" => false
              "revisionable" => true
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "revision_default"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1984
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1981}
            }
            #type: "boolean"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "revision_translation_affected" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1987
            #definition: array:9 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1988 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1989 …5}
              "read-only" => true
              "revisionable" => true
              "translatable" => true
              "provider" => "node"
              "field_name" => "revision_translation_affected"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1990
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1987}
            }
            #type: "boolean"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "metatag" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1993
            #definition: array:9 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1994 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1995 …5}
              "class" => "\Drupal\metatag\Plugin\Field\MetatagEntityFieldItemList"
              "computed" => true
              "translatable" => true
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "provider" => "metatag"
              "field_name" => "metatag"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1996
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1993}
            }
            #type: "map"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "path" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1997
            #definition: array:8 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#1998 …5}
              "translatable" => true
              "display" => array:1 [ …1]
              "computed" => true
              "provider" => "path"
              "field_name" => "path"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1999
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#1997}
            }
            #type: "path"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "menu_link" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#2000
            #definition: array:12 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#2001 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#2002 …5}
              "revisionable" => true
              "class" => "\Drupal\token\MenuLinkFieldItemList"
              "translatable" => true
              "internal" => true
              "display" => array:2 [ …2]
              "computed" => true
              "provider" => "token"
              "field_name" => "menu_link"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2003
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#2000}
            }
            #type: "entity_reference"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "content_translation_source" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#2004
            #definition: array:10 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#2005 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#2006 …5}
              "default_value" => array:1 [ …1]
              "initial_value" => array:1 [ …1]
              "revisionable" => true
              "translatable" => true
              "provider" => "content_translation"
              "field_name" => "content_translation_source"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2007
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#2004}
            }
            #type: "language"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "content_translation_outdated" => Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#2008
            #definition: array:10 [
              "label" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#2009 …5}
              "description" => Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup {#2010 …5}
              "default_value" => array:1 [ …1]
              "initial_value" => array:1 [ …1]
              "revisionable" => true
              "translatable" => true
              "provider" => "content_translation"
              "field_name" => "content_translation_outdated"
              "entity_type" => "node"
              "bundle" => null
            ]
            #typedDataManager: null
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2011
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: null
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\BaseFieldDefinition {#2008}
            }
            #type: "boolean"
            #propertyDefinitions: null
            #schema: null
            #indexes: []
          }
          "field_authors" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2016
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
            #cacheContexts: array:1 [
              0 => "languages:language_interface"
            ]
            #cacheTags: []
            #cacheMaxAge: -1
            #_serviceIds: []
            #_entityStorages: []
            #originalId: "node.post.field_authors"
            #status: true
            #uuid: "0f0df090-6da2-45b5-b58b-5d6629eceb96"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: []
            #_core: []
            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:1 [
              "config" => array:3 [ …3]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_authors"
            #field_name: "field_authors"
            #field_type: "entity_reference"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Auteur·ices"
            #description: ""
            #settings: array:2 [
              "handler" => "default:node"
              "handler_settings" => array:4 [ …4]
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              #cacheTags: []
              #cacheMaxAge: -1
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              #_entityStorages: []
              #originalId: "node.field_authors"
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              #uuid: "6770c08e-d51b-4945-8e6b-88ba90b0719a"
              -isUninstalling: false
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              #_core: []
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              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
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              #type: "entity_reference"
              #module: "core"
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              #persist_with_no_fields: false
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              #propertyDefinitions: array:2 [ …2]
            }
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#1906
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: Drupal\Core\TypedData\TypedDataManager {#807}
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2016}
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          "field_citation" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2017
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            #cacheTags: []
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            #status: true
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            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: array:1 [
              "allowed_formats" => array:1 [ …1]
            ]
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            #dependencies: array:2 [
              "config" => array:2 [ …2]
              "module" => array:2 [ …2]
            ]
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            #entity_type: "node"
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            #label: "Citation"
            #description: """
              Ce champ se génère tout seul avec le modèle suivant : \r\n
              Prénom Nom, « Titre – Sous-titre  », Issue, 5 mars 2025.\r\n
              \r\n
              Saisir manuellement dans ce champ pour forcer une autre formulation.
              """
            #settings: []
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          "field_cover_image" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2018
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            #originalId: "node.post.field_cover_image"
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            #uuid: "c8c3b9d3-cc49-4d71-8028-25682fbda136"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: []
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            #dependencies: array:1 [
              "config" => array:3 [ …3]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_cover_image"
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            #field_type: "entity_reference"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Image de couverture"
            #description: ""
            #settings: array:2 [
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              "handler_settings" => array:4 [ …4]
            ]
            #required: true
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            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2281
              #entityTypeId: "field_storage_config"
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              #cacheTags: []
              #cacheMaxAge: -1
              #_serviceIds: []
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              #originalId: "node.field_cover_image"
              #status: true
              #uuid: "21e3434f-ecb0-4949-a472-957d3731a178"
              -isUninstalling: false
              #langcode: "fr"
              #third_party_settings: []
              #_core: []
              #trustedData: false
              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
              #isSyncing: false
              #id: "node.field_cover_image"
              #field_name: "field_cover_image"
              #entity_type: "node"
              #type: "entity_reference"
              #module: "core"
              #settings: array:1 [ …1]
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              #translatable: true
              #locked: false
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              +custom_storage: false
              #indexes: []
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              #schema: array:4 [ …4]
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            }
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2326
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: Drupal\Core\TypedData\TypedDataManager {#807}
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2018}
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            #constraints: []
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          "field_date" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2019
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
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            #cacheMaxAge: -1
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            #_entityStorages: []
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            #status: true
            #uuid: "1cc67310-76aa-4abc-bf03-1dabbcef3c37"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: []
            #_core: []
            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:2 [
              "config" => array:2 [ …2]
              "module" => array:1 [ …1]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_date"
            #field_name: "field_date"
            #field_type: "datetime"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Date"
            #description: ""
            #settings: []
            #required: true
            #translatable: false
            #default_value: []
            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2282
              #entityTypeId: "field_storage_config"
              #enforceIsNew: null
              #typedData: null
              #cacheContexts: array:1 [ …1]
              #cacheTags: []
              #cacheMaxAge: -1
              #_serviceIds: []
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              #originalId: "node.field_date"
              #status: true
              #uuid: "feffd0bb-a3a0-4a89-a7e6-193ecd35a1b3"
              -isUninstalling: false
              #langcode: "fr"
              #third_party_settings: []
              #_core: []
              #trustedData: false
              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
              #isSyncing: false
              #id: "node.field_date"
              #field_name: "field_date"
              #entity_type: "node"
              #type: "datetime"
              #module: "datetime"
              #settings: array:1 [ …1]
              #cardinality: 1
              #translatable: true
              #locked: false
              #persist_with_no_fields: false
              +custom_storage: false
              #indexes: []
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              #schema: null
              #propertyDefinitions: array:2 [ …2]
            }
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2424
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: Drupal\Core\TypedData\TypedDataManager {#807}
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2019}
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            #constraints: []
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          "field_departments" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2020
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
            #cacheContexts: array:1 [
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            #cacheTags: []
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            #originalId: "node.post.field_departments"
            #status: true
            #uuid: "0ad2de40-5d4e-45de-a671-a2de66618168"
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            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: []
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            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:1 [
              "config" => array:3 [ …3]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_departments"
            #field_name: "field_departments"
            #field_type: "entity_reference"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Départements associés"
            #description: ""
            #settings: array:2 [
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            #required: false
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            #default_value: []
            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2283
              #entityTypeId: "field_storage_config"
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              #cacheTags: []
              #cacheMaxAge: -1
              #_serviceIds: []
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              #originalId: "node.field_departments"
              #status: true
              #uuid: "21544032-b467-412b-88d7-d810cbfee28b"
              -isUninstalling: false
              #langcode: "fr"
              #third_party_settings: []
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              #trustedData: false
              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
              #isSyncing: false
              #id: "node.field_departments"
              #field_name: "field_departments"
              #entity_type: "node"
              #type: "entity_reference"
              #module: "core"
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              #cardinality: -1
              #translatable: true
              #locked: false
              #persist_with_no_fields: false
              +custom_storage: false
              #indexes: []
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              #schema: null
              #propertyDefinitions: array:2 [ …2]
            }
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2437
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: Drupal\Core\TypedData\TypedDataManager {#807}
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2020}
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            #constraints: []
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          "field_license" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2021
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
            #cacheContexts: array:1 [
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            #cacheTags: []
            #cacheMaxAge: -1
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            #_entityStorages: []
            #originalId: "node.post.field_license"
            #status: true
            #uuid: "55b36c94-dc83-405a-88e9-9158e4cca1cc"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: []
            #_core: []
            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:2 [
              "config" => array:3 [ …3]
              "content" => array:1 [ …1]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_license"
            #field_name: "field_license"
            #field_type: "entity_reference"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Licence"
            #description: ""
            #settings: array:2 [
              "handler" => "default:taxonomy_term"
              "handler_settings" => array:4 [ …4]
            ]
            #required: true
            #translatable: false
            #default_value: array:1 [
              0 => array:1 [ …1]
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            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2291
              #entityTypeId: "field_storage_config"
              #enforceIsNew: null
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              #cacheContexts: array:1 [ …1]
              #cacheTags: []
              #cacheMaxAge: -1
              #_serviceIds: []
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              #originalId: "node.field_license"
              #status: true
              #uuid: "5ffabd1b-45cd-4eb4-b6d0-e9e3103b035b"
              -isUninstalling: false
              #langcode: "fr"
              #third_party_settings: []
              #_core: []
              #trustedData: false
              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
              #isSyncing: false
              #id: "node.field_license"
              #field_name: "field_license"
              #entity_type: "node"
              #type: "entity_reference"
              #module: "core"
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              #cardinality: 1
              #translatable: true
              #locked: false
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              +custom_storage: false
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            }
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2547
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: Drupal\Core\TypedData\TypedDataManager {#807}
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2021}
            }
            #constraints: []
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          "field_og_description" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2022
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
            #cacheContexts: array:1 [
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            #cacheTags: []
            #cacheMaxAge: -1
            #_serviceIds: []
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            #originalId: "node.post.field_og_description"
            #status: true
            #uuid: "d5b6c064-b28d-43b2-b6fa-cce6bc284fcc"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: []
            #_core: []
            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:1 [
              "config" => array:2 [ …2]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_og_description"
            #field_name: "field_og_description"
            #field_type: "string"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Référencement : description"
            #description: "Très courte description pour le référencement (70 caractères)"
            #settings: []
            #required: false
            #translatable: true
            #default_value: []
            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2292
              #entityTypeId: "field_storage_config"
              #enforceIsNew: null
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              #cacheTags: []
              #cacheMaxAge: -1
              #_serviceIds: []
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              #originalId: "node.field_og_description"
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              -isUninstalling: false
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              #trustedData: false
              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
              #isSyncing: false
              #id: "node.field_og_description"
              #field_name: "field_og_description"
              #entity_type: "node"
              #type: "string"
              #module: "core"
              #settings: array:3 [ …3]
              #cardinality: 1
              #translatable: true
              #locked: false
              #persist_with_no_fields: false
              +custom_storage: false
              #indexes: []
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              #schema: null
              #propertyDefinitions: null
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            #itemDefinition: null
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          "field_post_abstract" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2023
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
            #cacheContexts: array:1 [
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            #cacheTags: []
            #cacheMaxAge: -1
            #_serviceIds: []
            #_entityStorages: []
            #originalId: "node.post.field_post_abstract"
            #status: true
            #uuid: "f7d240e6-3cc3-473b-bc74-0dd31cc2c291"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: array:1 [
              "allowed_formats" => array:1 [ …1]
            ]
            #_core: []
            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:2 [
              "config" => array:2 [ …2]
              "module" => array:2 [ …2]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_post_abstract"
            #field_name: "field_post_abstract"
            #field_type: "text_long"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Résumé"
            #description: "Calibrage optimal : 500 signes"
            #settings: []
            #required: true
            #translatable: true
            #default_value: []
            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2300
              #entityTypeId: "field_storage_config"
              #enforceIsNew: null
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              #cacheTags: []
              #cacheMaxAge: -1
              #_serviceIds: []
              #_entityStorages: []
              #originalId: "node.field_post_abstract"
              #status: true
              #uuid: "678691f5-501b-44f7-89c7-ad002c851cfb"
              -isUninstalling: false
              #langcode: "fr"
              #third_party_settings: []
              #_core: []
              #trustedData: false
              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
              #isSyncing: false
              #id: "node.field_post_abstract"
              #field_name: "field_post_abstract"
              #entity_type: "node"
              #type: "text_long"
              #module: "text"
              #settings: []
              #cardinality: 1
              #translatable: true
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              #persist_with_no_fields: false
              +custom_storage: false
              #indexes: []
              #deleted: false
              #schema: null
              #propertyDefinitions: array:3 [ …3]
            }
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2564
              #definition: array:2 [ …2]
              #typedDataManager: Drupal\Core\TypedData\TypedDataManager {#807}
              #fieldDefinition: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2023}
            }
            #constraints: []
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            #deleted: false
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          "field_post_embed_credit" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2024
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
            #cacheContexts: array:1 [
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            ]
            #cacheTags: []
            #cacheMaxAge: -1
            #_serviceIds: []
            #_entityStorages: []
            #originalId: "node.post.field_post_embed_credit"
            #status: true
            #uuid: "c110555d-55f9-4a80-b9ba-6e03af510305"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: array:1 [
              "allowed_formats" => array:1 [ …1]
            ]
            #_core: []
            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:2 [
              "config" => array:2 [ …2]
              "module" => array:2 [ …2]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_post_embed_credit"
            #field_name: "field_post_embed_credit"
            #field_type: "text_long"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Crédit du module"
            #description: "Exemple :  “Auteur, Titre du projet, année. Développement : Auteur”"
            #settings: []
            #required: false
            #translatable: true
            #default_value: []
            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2301
              #entityTypeId: "field_storage_config"
              #enforceIsNew: null
              #typedData: null
              #cacheContexts: array:1 [ …1]
              #cacheTags: []
              #cacheMaxAge: -1
              #_serviceIds: []
              #_entityStorages: []
              #originalId: "node.field_post_embed_credit"
              #status: true
              #uuid: "c4a33dc2-020f-4a5a-9a40-4a4ee586082c"
              -isUninstalling: false
              #langcode: "fr"
              #third_party_settings: []
              #_core: []
              #trustedData: false
              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
              #isSyncing: false
              #id: "node.field_post_embed_credit"
              #field_name: "field_post_embed_credit"
              #entity_type: "node"
              #type: "text_long"
              #module: "text"
              #settings: []
              #cardinality: 1
              #translatable: true
              #locked: false
              #persist_with_no_fields: false
              +custom_storage: false
              #indexes: []
              #deleted: false
              #schema: null
              #propertyDefinitions: null
            }
            #itemDefinition: null
            #constraints: []
            #propertyConstraints: []
            #deleted: false
          }
          "field_post_embed_url" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2025
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
            #cacheContexts: array:1 [
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            ]
            #cacheTags: []
            #cacheMaxAge: -1
            #_serviceIds: []
            #_entityStorages: []
            #originalId: "node.post.field_post_embed_url"
            #status: true
            #uuid: "5e127856-f5e4-45bd-af2d-a1e722c289cc"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: []
            #_core: []
            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:2 [
              "config" => array:2 [ …2]
              "module" => array:1 [ …1]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_post_embed_url"
            #field_name: "field_post_embed_url"
            #field_type: "link"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "URL du module"
            #description: "URL pointant vers le module interactif développé en dehors du site Issue"
            #settings: array:2 [
              "title" => 0
              "link_type" => 16
            ]
            #required: true
            #translatable: false
            #default_value: []
            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: null
            #itemDefinition: null
            #constraints: []
            #propertyConstraints: []
            #deleted: false
          }
          "field_post_images_credit" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2026
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
            #cacheContexts: array:1 [
              0 => "languages:language_interface"
            ]
            #cacheTags: []
            #cacheMaxAge: -1
            #_serviceIds: []
            #_entityStorages: []
            #originalId: "node.post.field_post_images_credit"
            #status: true
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          "field_post_media_images" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2027
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            #langcode: "fr"
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            #dependencies: array:1 [
              "config" => array:3 [ …3]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_post_media_images"
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            #settings: array:2 [
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              "handler_settings" => array:4 [ …4]
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            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2304
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              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
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              #id: "node.field_post_media_images"
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              #entity_type: "node"
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          "field_post_media_sound" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2028
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            #langcode: "fr"
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            #dependencies: array:1 [
              "config" => array:3 [ …3]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_post_media_sound"
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            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Podcast"
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            #settings: array:2 [
              "handler" => "default:media"
              "handler_settings" => array:4 [ …4]
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            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2305
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              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
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              #entity_type: "node"
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              +custom_storage: false
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          "field_post_media_video" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2029
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            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
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            #dependencies: array:1 [
              "config" => array:3 [ …3]
            ]
            #isSyncing: false
            #id: "node.post.field_post_media_video"
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            #settings: array:2 [
              "handler" => "default:media"
              "handler_settings" => array:4 [ …4]
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            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2306
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              #originalId: "node.field_post_media_video"
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              -isUninstalling: false
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              #third_party_settings: []
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              #trustedData: false
              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
              #isSyncing: false
              #id: "node.field_post_media_video"
              #field_name: "field_post_media_video"
              #entity_type: "node"
              #type: "entity_reference"
              #module: "core"
              #settings: array:1 [ …1]
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              +custom_storage: false
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          "field_post_nature" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2030
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            #originalId: "node.post.field_post_nature"
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            #langcode: "fr"
            #third_party_settings: []
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            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:1 [
              "config" => array:3 [ …3]
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            #isSyncing: false
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            #label: "Nature du contenu"
            #description: ""
            #settings: array:2 [
              "handler" => "default:taxonomy_term"
              "handler_settings" => array:4 [ …4]
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            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2307
              #entityTypeId: "field_storage_config"
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              #cacheTags: []
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              #_serviceIds: []
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              #originalId: "node.field_post_nature"
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              #uuid: "ac050b77-1daf-47b1-9114-1b0b8b4c9e7c"
              -isUninstalling: false
              #langcode: "fr"
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              #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
              #isSyncing: false
               …15
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            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2591 …3}
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          "field_post_text" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2031
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
            #enforceIsNew: null
            #typedData: null
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            #originalId: "node.post.field_post_text"
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            #uuid: "e79cb826-6c12-4a51-ac29-f3bab6923582"
            -isUninstalling: false
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            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:2 [ …2]
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            #id: "node.post.field_post_text"
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            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Texte"
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            #required: false
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            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2308 …33}
            #itemDefinition: Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition {#2604 …3}
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          "field_post_trans_credit" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2032
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
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            #originalId: "node.post.field_post_trans_credit"
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            #uuid: "d96762fb-f058-44cf-8868-e1637260de49"
            -isUninstalling: false
            #langcode: "fr"
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            #_core: []
            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
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            #id: "node.post.field_post_trans_credit"
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            #field_type: "string"
            #entity_type: "node"
            #bundle: "post"
            #label: "Traduction"
            #description: "Crédit de la traduction, langue source entre parenthèses."
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            #translatable: true
            #default_value: []
            #default_value_callback: ""
            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2309 …33}
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          "field_post_type" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2033
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
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            #originalId: "node.post.field_post_type"
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            #trustedData: false
            #dependencies: array:1 [ …1]
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            #id: "node.post.field_post_type"
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            #field_type: "entity_reference"
            #entity_type: "node"
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            #label: "Type"
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          "field_related_publications" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2034
            #entityTypeId: "field_config"
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            #originalId: "node.post.field_related_publications"
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            #dependencies: array:2 [ …2]
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            #field_type: "entity_reference_revisions"
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            #settings: array:2 [ …2]
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          "field_subtitle" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2035
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            #originalId: "node.post.field_subtitle"
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            #id: "node.post.field_subtitle"
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            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2315 …33}
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          "field_tags" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2036
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            #field_type: "entity_reference"
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            #label: "Tags thématiques"
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            #fieldStorage: Drupal\field\Entity\FieldStorageConfig {#2316 …33}
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          "field_title_displayed" => Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig {#2037
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            #originalId: "node.post.field_title_displayed"
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            #id: "node.post.field_title_displayed"
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browse summary of Issue #5
This 2020 Media Design Master’s thesis is dedicated to the design space for Arabic letter-forms in motion. It is an excellent introduction to the subject, which François Harik tackles from the angle of technology, while pointing out that the question itself cannot be dissociated from political and cultural concerns. Harik’s thesis begins with a very well-documented state of the art. This shows the paramount importance, in the digital context, of matters such as the sources of Arabic typography in handwriting, the framework typography has fixed for and in Western European languages, and the non-Latin writing systems’ standardisation and harmonisation processes. Harik then reminds us of the lines of enquiry currently being followed by designers: for instance how to breach typographical codes so as to make full use of computer graphics potential, or now to reinterpret Arabic calligraphy’s guiding principles in the digital type design space. By taking a closer look at recent research done on temporal typography, François Harik then focuses on Arabic letter-forms but in the field of motion design. And thus he puts forward the problem he faces in that field: how to set Arabic letter-forms in motion and how to represent them if these are fixed and limited by the existing type design space and the rules it implies? Harik’s thesis is introduced by Daniel Sciboz, lecturer and tutor in the Media Design Master at HEAD – Genève.
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<em>Arabic letter-forms in motion</em>, Master Thesis, François Harik, 2020

  Ce mémoire est consacré à la question des formes en mouvement de la typographie arabe. Il offre une excellente entrée en matière sur ce sujet que François Harik aborde sous l’angle de la technologie, en montrant qu’il ne peut toutefois pas être dissocié d’enjeux politiques et culturels. François Harik fait un état de l’art très documenté de ces enjeux: sources de la typographie arabe dans l’écriture manuscrite, espace de référence fixé pour et dans les langues d’Europe occidentale, procédés d’harmonisation et de standardisation des systèmes d’écriture notamment. La première partie permet ainsi de prendre la mesure d’une problématique d’une grande importance dans le contexte numérique. L’auteur rappelle aussi quelles pistes de réflexion et de recherche sur ces enjeux sont ouvertes actuellement par des designers : rupture avec les codes de la typographie afin d’utiliser à plein le potentiel graphique de la technologie ou recours à l’interprétation de lignes directrices de la calligraphie Arabe à partir des sources par exemple. Le propos est ensuite recentré sur les formes « temporelles » de la typographie arabe qui apparaissent dans le champ encore peu étudié du motion design. François Harik pose ainsi le problème auquel il fait face dans sa pratique de designer. Comment représenter les formes dynamiques de l’écriture arabe si celles-ci sont figées et que leur mouvement est limité par l’espace typographique et les règles qu’il impose ? L’analyse de deux typologies récemment publiées lui permet de souligner des différences de forme et de structure entre les alphabets latin et arabe. Il y trouve également des catégories d’événements simples et des comportements plus complexes adaptés à l’écriture arabe qui peuvent être appliqués à la typographie et distribués dans le temps lors de la conception de séquences d’images en mouvement. Certaines de ces séquences suivent ainsi le tracé du calligraphe ou sont produites par une transformation des lettres déclenchée lorsque deux traits se connectent dans la forme calligraphique. [video width="960" height="540" mp4="http://issue-journal.ch/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Vision.mp4" poster="http://issue-journal.ch/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/SMIssue-image1.jpg" autoplay="true"][/video]   C’est entre ces voies de recherche que François Harik situe son travail pratique. Il développe ainsi, en dialogue avec des ingénieurs, des modules logiciels, pour le standard After Effects ou des technologies moins conventionnelles. Les résultats de ces recherches lui permettent de paramétrer des séquences d’animation plus conformes à l’esprit de la typographie arabe et à ses exigences actuelles. Il conçoit ainsi la typographie comme un espace ouvert à des disciplines pouvant aller de la calligraphie à la programmation informatique.